RDW_Climate/HeatStressIndex

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Service Description: Heat Stress Index for cattle, compared between historical (1985-2004) and future (2071-2090 RCP 8.5) time periods, including historical and percent change, where the Heat Stress Index is calculated as the number of days per year that the temperature-humidity index is greater than 74; for more information, see https://www.fs.usda.gov/rm/pubs/rmrs_gtr343.pdf. Calculated from MACAv2METDATA.The impact of heat on livestock production is of growing concern as global temperatures rise. High temperatures and humidity can induce heat stress in livestock, which increases water demand and reduces weight gain as rumination ceases and energy is expended to reduce body temperature. In one study, weight gain in an individual was reduced by 0.4 kg/day for each 1 A??C of body temperature above the thermal neutral zone. Other heat stress effects include male sterility, lowered immune response, and, at extreme levels, mortality. Heat is also a factor associated with meat safety and outbreaks of food-borne illness. Heat stress in cattle is related to the temperature-humidity index (THI), a simple index correlated to physiological heat response that has been shown to closely track more extensive models of heat transfer. Humidity is particularly important in predicting stress response in cattle and corresponds to the relatively high rate of heat-related mortality in the southeastern United States. Mortality rises rapidly with each increment of THI. The number of consecutive days above a threshold value of THI and nighttime temperatures needed for recovery also factor into effects of heat stress, as do cattle breed and coat color. A climate change projection for Australia found safe values of THI were exceeded on 38 percent of days as compared to 16 percent of days under current conditions. We examined heat stress relative to current local conditions by using the number of days when a threshold value of THI was exceeded.

Map Name: HeatStressIndex_01

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Description: Heat Stress Index for cattle, compared between historical (1985-2004) and future (2071-2090 RCP 8.5) time periods, including historical and percent change, where the Heat Stress Index is calculated as the number of days per year that the temperature-humidity index is greater than 74; for more information, see https://www.fs.usda.gov/rm/pubs/rmrs_gtr343.pdf. Calculated from MACAv2METDATA.The impact of heat on livestock production is of growing concern as global temperatures rise. High temperatures and humidity can induce heat stress in livestock, which increases water demand and reduces weight gain as rumination ceases and energy is expended to reduce body temperature. In one study, weight gain in an individual was reduced by 0.4 kg/day for each 1 A??C of body temperature above the thermal neutral zone. Other heat stress effects include male sterility, lowered immune response, and, at extreme levels, mortality. Heat is also a factor associated with meat safety and outbreaks of food-borne illness. Heat stress in cattle is related to the temperature-humidity index (THI), a simple index correlated to physiological heat response that has been shown to closely track more extensive models of heat transfer. Humidity is particularly important in predicting stress response in cattle and corresponds to the relatively high rate of heat-related mortality in the southeastern United States. Mortality rises rapidly with each increment of THI. The number of consecutive days above a threshold value of THI and nighttime temperatures needed for recovery also factor into effects of heat stress, as do cattle breed and coat color. A climate change projection for Australia found safe values of THI were exceeded on 38 percent of days as compared to 16 percent of days under current conditions. We examined heat stress relative to current local conditions by using the number of days when a threshold value of THI was exceeded.

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RDW_Climate/HeatStressIndex_01 (MapServer)